Ubukhulu bebhodi ye-boron-polyethylene yi-2cm-30cm. Intsimi yayo yobugcisa kukusetyenziswa kobuchwepheshe benyukliya ekukhuseleni imitha ye-ionizing. Ibhodi ye-boron-polyethylene isetyenziselwa ukukhusela ii-neutron ezikhawulezayo zentsimi yemitha ye-neutron, i-neutron kunye nentsimi yemitha exutyiweyo ye-Y kwicandelo lokukhusela imitha ye-ionizing, ukuthintela umonakalo kunye nomonakalo wemitha obangelwa yimitha ye-neutron kubasebenzi bemisebenzi nakuluntu.
Ukuze kuphuculwe isiphumo sokukhusela se-boron polyethylene kwi-neutron ekhawulezayo kwaye kusonjululwe ingxaki yokuba kunzima ukuvelisa ibhodi ye-boron polyethylene ethengiswayo eTshayina, kwaveliswa ibhodi ye-polyethylene equlathe i-boron enomxholo we-boron we-8%. Ngokwemigaqo yokukhusela i-neutron ekhawulezayo, ekubeni ubunzima obuseleyo be-neutrons buyi-1.0086649U, ngelixa obo be-athomu ze-hydrogen (oko kukuthi ii-protons) buyi-1.007825 U [1], ubunzima be-athomu ye-neutrons busondele kobo be-athomu ze-hydrogen. Ke ngoko, xa i-neutron ekhawulezayo ingqubana ne-hydrogen nuclei emzimbeni okhuselayo, kulula ukulahlekelwa ngamandla ngokuyidlulisela kwi-nucleus ye-athomu ye-hydrogen, inciphisa i-neutrons ekhawulezayo ukuya kwi-neutrons ecothayo kunye ne-thermal neutrons. Okukhona umzimba okhuselayo uqulethe i-hydrogen eninzi, kokukhona isiphumo sokulawula siya kuba namandla. Phakathi komxholo we-hydrogen wezinto ezisetyenziswa rhoqo zokukhusela i-neutron, umxholo we-hydrogen we-polyethylene ngowona uphezulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-7.92x IO22 athomu / cm3 gas. Ke ngoko, i-polyethylene yeyona ilawula i-neutrons ekhawulezayo yokukhusela. Emva kokuba ii-neutron ezikhawulezayo zincitshisiwe zibe zii-neutron ezishushu, izinto zokukhusela ezine-cross section enkulu ye-thermal neutron absorption ngaphandle kwe-Y radiation enamandla aphezulu ziyafuneka ukuze kufunxwe ii-neutron ezishushu, ukuze kufezekiswe injongo yokukhusela ii-neutron ezishushu ngokupheleleyo. Ngenxa ye-cross section ephezulu ye-thermal neutron absorption ye-(3840 lL)X10_24cm2[3], kwaye ubuninzi be-kiB kwi-boron yendalo yi-18.98% [3], okulula ukuyifumana, izinto eziqulathe i-boron zifunxa kakuhle ukuthintela ii-neutron ezishushu.
Ukhuseleko lwemitha ye-neutron kwizikhululo zamandla enyukliya, kwizixhobo zokukhawulezisa amandla eziphakathi (eziphezulu), kwizixhobo zeathomu, kwiinqanawa ezingaphantsi kwamanzi zenyukliya, kwizixhobo zokukhawulezisa amayeza, kwizixhobo zonyango lwe-neutron nakwezinye iindawo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Meyi-31-2022
